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Science and Technology of Energetic Materials

Vol.72, No.5 (2011)

Research paper

Aging characteristics of the energetic oxidizer ammonium dinitramide
Hiroki Matsunaga, Satoru Yoshino, Mieko Kumasaki, Hiroto Habu, and Atsumi Miyake
p.131-135

Abstract

Aging can change the performance of energetic materials. The present study aimed to characterize the effects of aging on ammonium dinitramide (ADN, NH4N(NO2)2), a promising new oxidizer for solid rocket propellants due to its high energy content and low environmental impact.
Freshly synthesized ADN (ADN(2009)) was compared with a sample that had been stored in the dark for 11 years (ADN(1998)). Characterization was conducted using infrared (IR), Raman and ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy, sealed cell differential scanning calorimetry (SC-DSC), and a thermal activity monitor (TAM).
The results of IR, Raman and UV spectroscopy, and SC-DSC suggested that ADN(1998) had an altered composition and was a mixture of ADN and ammonium nitrate (AN), showing that some of the ADN had degraded to AN during storage. The amount of ADN in ADN(1998) was 57 wt.% in the surface region and 89 wt.% in the bulk region, showing that more aging had occurred at the surface than in the bulk region.
The results of DSC and TAM analysis showed the influence of aging on the thermal decomposition of ADN. It appeared that the presence of AN generated by the aging of ADN mainly caused the difference of thermal properties.

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Keywords

oxidizer, ammonium dinitramide, aging, thermal decomposition

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