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Science and Technology of Energetic Materials

Vol.66, No.3 (2005)

Research paper

Study on the reduction of possible harmful gases from gas generating agents (I): Effect of addition of organic compounds
Shingo Date, Yasuyoshi Miyata, Takashi Kazumi, and Kazuo Hasue
p.307-314

Abstract

Various organic additives to the gas generating agent composition were tested as an attempt to prevent possible harmful gases caused by the deflagration of gas generating agents of airbag inflators. The organic additives chosen in this study were classified into two categories: 1) compounds that thermally decompose to generate NH2 radicals; and 2) compounds that thermally decompose to generate HNCO. Quantitative analyses of product gases were conducted after deflagration tests inside a calorimeter bomb and a 60 liter tank. As a result of the addition of organic compounds to guanidine salt of 1,5'-bi-1H-tetrazole (15 BG) / KClO4 stoichiometric ratio mixture in calorimeter bomb test, approx. 80 % reduction in (NO + NO2) and over 95 % reduction of Cl2 have been achieved when 5 wt% of urea or guanidine carbonate (GC) was added, although there was generally an increase in CO concentration. In 60 liter tank test, an addition of 5 wt% urea resulted in 67.5 % reduction in (NO + NO2), 50 % reduction in HCN and almost 100 % reduction in HCl, together with a reduction in maximum temperature of approximately 100 K inside the tank, when 60 mg lead trinitroresorcinate (tricinate) pellet was used. When 40 mg tricinate pellet was used, an addition of 5 wt% cyanuric acid or 5 wt% GC, together with an addition of 5 wt% urea also resulted in reductions in (NO + NO2) concentration and temperature inside the tank.

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