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Science and Technology of Energetic Materials

Vol.64, No.3 (2003)

Research paper

Thermal behavior of 5-amino-1H-tetrazole- Influence of the additive on the ignitability -
Miyako Akiyoshi, Jun Ooba, Kenjiro Ikeda, and Hidetsugu Nakamura
p.103-109

Abstract

A fundamental study on ignitability improvement was investigated by the addition of various metal oxides (MoO3, V2O5, WO3, TiO2, NiO, AgO, Ag2O, BaO2) to the 5-amino-1H-tetoirazole (HAT) –Sr(NO3)2 (SrN) mixture, which has already been used in practical application as a non-azide gas generant.
The 10wt.% addition of MoO3 or V2O5 was found to lower the ignition temperature compared with that of the HAT-SrN binary mixture (425°C); ignition temperature was 195°C by addition of MoO3 and 260 by addition of V2O5. It was clear that these oxides improved ignitability, acting not as an oxidizing agent but as a catalysis. An oxide with high oxidizability, such as AgO, does not always contribute to improvement of the ignitability.
The kinetics parameter of the decomposition was investigated for the HAT and its mixtures by carrying out of isothermal decomposition. The addition of MoO3 or V2O5 changed the rate equation of the decomposition from a first order equation to an autocatalytic one. These oxides seemed to be concerned involved in the cleavage reaction of the tetrazole ring by the same catalyst mechanism, though the mechanism was not clear.
The decomposition temperature of the oxidizing agent was lowered by the addition of most metal oxides used in this experiment, and was most lowered by addition of V2O5. The reactivity of SrN with HAT was promoted due to the decomposition of SrN at the lower temperature, which might explain the lower ignition temperature.

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